Which structure surrounds Bowman's capsule and is responsible for filtration of blood into the nephron?

• A. Renal pelvis
• B. Loop of Henle
• C. Glomerulus
• D. Collecting duct

Answer: (C)

The glomerulus is the site where blood is filtered into the nephron. It’s a network of capillaries that sits inside Bowman's capsule, forming the filtration interface. Blood flows in through the afferent arteriole, and the filtrate—water and small solutes—passes across the filtration barrier (endothelium, basement membrane, and podocyte slips) into Bowman's space. This filtrate then enters the nephron to be processed further. The other options don’t perform this initial filtration: the renal pelvis is part of the urine drainage system, the Loop of Henle mainly reabsorbs and concentrates substances in the loop, and the collecting duct concentrates and finalizes urine under hormonal control.